The described system of concepts and definitions, as well as their designation, is not final and can be corrected by specialists, if necessary. However, the author believes that all new computer systems and their architectures are based on certain basic concepts, which the author tried to introduce in this paper. The author has been repeatedly convinced of the fairness of Confucius' statement that "to name correctly means to understand correctly" in the course of his forty-year teaching activity at the university during the training of bachelor's and masters in the field of computer engineering. In this work, the author has not touched on many modern technologies and systems, outlining only the basic, in the author's opinion, concepts and their definitions, and describing one of the approaches to solving the Confucius problem.