This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of genetic modification. It elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to this subject. Genetic modification is the application of biotechnology to alter the genomes in order to enhance the characteristics of an alike organism. The main techniques used under this branch are gene transfer, molecular cloning, DNA synthesizing, gene targeting, etc. The aim of this field is to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs), genetically modified food and most recently genetically modified crops. The objective of this text is to give a general view of the different areas of genetic modifications and its applications. Most of the topics introduced in the book cover new techniques and the applications of this field. Researchers and students in this subject will be greatly assisted by the text. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of genetic modification as easy as informative as possible, for the readers.