Geoscience refers to the study of the planet Earth. It encompasses all phenomena and physical characteristics of Earth. It uses other fields of science as research tools for developing scientific models related to the study of large scale geosystems. Geoscience delves into a detailed analysis of the lithosphere, atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. This book traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. The extensive content herein also presents researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. Scientists and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts. For all readers who are interested in geoscience and geosystems, the case studies included in this book will serve as an excellent guide to develop a comprehensive understanding.