Nowadays, human resource management is seen as an important activity in any organizations and its impact on performance in organizations is well supported by integrating the interest of organizations and its workforce. Training and development is intended to enhance the performance of employees through a learning process that involves the acquirement of knowledge, improvement in skill, and changing attitudes. But, the traditional training and development view it as an optional extra or even an unnecessary intrusion into the task of managing an organization. This book, therefore, provides the new approach for training and development avoiding the traditional way of doing. The purpose of this book is also to explore the practices of human resource training and development in Ethiopian Civil Service organizations taking Ethiopian Civil Service University as a case study. The work covers areas such as training and development: policy, plan, needs assessment, methods, evaluation, and selection of trainees and the major challenges. The book should help sheds some light on employee training and development in the current public and private organizations and for researchers on this area.