Introduction to Computer Organization equips students with foundational and essential knowledge regarding how computers process numbers and organize data. Opening chapters address computer numbering systems, signed integer representation, floating point representation, and character codes. Students learn about bitwise operations, Boolean function, Karnaugh maps, digital circuit design, and computer memory. Additional chapters cover central processing units (CPUs), I/O processing, and instruction set architecture. The closing chapter provides students with a simple 16-bit RISC instruction set for a CPU simulator, SimX system, furnishing them with a better understanding of the working mechanism of a computer system and preliminary knowledge of assembly programming. A helpful appendix provides students with a set of SimX utilities, including an assembler, a linker, and a combination of assembler and linker. Designed to provide students with a firm grasp of critical material in the field, Introduction to Computer Organization is an exemplary resource for courses and programs in computer science. Gang Hu is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Information Systems at SUNY Buffalo State. He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Dalhousie University. Guanqiu Qi is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Information Systems at SUNY Buffalo State. He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Arizona State University. Neal Mazur is an associate professor in the Department of Computer Information Systems at SUNY Buffalo State. He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Arizona State University. Zhiqin Zhu is a professor in the College of Automation at Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications, Chongqing. He holds a Ph.D. in control engineering from Chongqing University.