Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Process mining is a process management technique, that allow for the analysis of business processes based on event logs. The basic idea is to extract knowledge from event logs recorded by an information system. Process mining aims at improving this by providing techniques and tools for discovering process, control, data, organizational, and social structures from event logs. Process mining techniques are often used when no formal description of the process can be obtained by other means, or when the quality of an existing documentation is questionable. For example, the audit trails of a workflow management system, the transaction logs of an enterprise resource planning system, and the electronic patient records in a hospital can be used to discover models describing processes, organizations, and products. Moreover, such event logs can also be used to compare event logs with some a priori model to see whether the observed reality conforms to some prescriptive or descriptive model.