Archaeometry is the field of social science that focuses on the utilization of scientific techniques for the analysis of archaeological materials. It plays an important role in locating the potential archaeological sites with the help of remote sensing, aerial photography and geophysical surveys. Zooarchaeology, lithic analysis, archaeometallurgy and palynology are some techniques which are used within the discipline of archaeometry. It is also characterized into several areas including artifact studies, conservation sciences, and physical and chemical dating methods. Some of the important dating techniques used in archaeometry include electron spin resonance, radiocarbon dating, thermoluminescence dating, potassium argon dating, dendrochronology, etc. This book consists of contributions made by international experts. It is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of archaeometry. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.